Chapter 14: Key Terms
- Alzheimer disease
- most common neurocognitive disorders; affects the brain by causing atrophy in the cortex and deposits of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the neurons, which cause degeneration of the neurons
- Delirium
- mental state in which the client becomes temporarily confused, disoriented, and not able to think or remember clearly
- Dementia
- older term to describe major neurodegenerative brain disorders that cause changes in a person’s cognition
- Dementia
- affects nerve cells in the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain, most common form in younger people
- Huntington disease
- genetic mutation that causes both physical and cognitive declines; the disease attacks the neurons in the brain, causing them to die
- Lewy body dementia
- involves Lewy bodies, insoluble deposits of alpha-synuclei protein that damage the brain
- Major neurocognitive disorder
- group of disorders that can affect younger and older individuals’ cognition with a gradual decline in at least one of the following domains of cognition: executive function, complex attention, language, learning, memory, perceptual-motor, or social cognition
- Mild neurocognitive disorder (MiND)
- diminishment in an individual’s cognition, attention, memory, learning, and/or social and motor skills that is greater than expected from the regular aging process but that does not cause the individual to be unable to function on their own
- Neurocognitive disorder
- brain function disorders that mark gradual or sudden diminishment in cognition, attention, memory, learning, social, and/or motor skills and often affect the ability to perform activities of daily living
- Parkinson disease
- similar to Lewy body dementia, involving Lewy bodies, insoluble deposits of alpha-synuclei protein that damage the brain
- Prion disease (Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease)
- very rare dementia that progresses rapidly and leads to death within one year
- Vascular dementia
- stem from injuries to the brain caused by ischemia, such as a stroke, that block blood flow to the brain and lead to permanent neuron death
most common neurocognitive disorders; affects the brain by causing atrophy in the cortex and deposits of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the neurons, which cause degeneration of the neurons
mental state in which the client becomes temporarily confused, disoriented, and not able to think or remember clearly
older term to describe major neurodegenerative brain disorders that cause changes in a person’s cognition
genetic mutation that causes both physical and cognitive declines; the disease attacks the neurons in the brain, causing them to die
group of disorders that can affect younger and older individuals’ cognition with a gradual decline in at least one of the following domains of cognition: executive function, complex attention, language, learning, memory, perceptual-motor, or social cognition
diminishment in an individual’s cognition, attention, memory, learning, and/or social and motor skills that is greater than expected from the regular aging process but that does not cause the individual to be unable to function on their own
brain function disorders that mark gradual or sudden diminishment in cognition, attention, memory, learning, social, and/or motor skills and often affect the ability to perform activities of daily living
similar to Lewy body dementia, involving Lewy bodies, insoluble deposits of alpha-synuclei protein that damage the brain
very rare dementia that progresses rapidly and leads to death within one year
stem from injuries to the brain caused by ischemia, such as a stroke, that block blood flow to the brain and lead to permanent neuron death
