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Chapter 16 Review

Check Your Understanding Questions

1. What are the key characteristics of a depressive disorder?
2. What is the role of psychosocial approaches in managing mood disorders?
3. How might the presentation of mood disorders vary across different age groups? Provide examples to support your answer.
4. List two possible environmental factors that could contribute to depression.
5. What is the role of pharmacotherapy in the treatment of depression?
6. How can self-harm serve as an emotional outlet for some individuals?
7. What elements should be considered when planning care for a suicidal client?
8. What distinguishes nonsuicidal self-injury from suicidal behaviors?
9. What are some immediate steps you should take if a client expresses suicidal ideation?
10. What are some common forms of NSSI?
11. How does bipolar I differ from bipolar II?
12. Describe one characteristic symptom of a manic episode.
13. What role do antipsychotic medications play in treating bipolar disorder?

Review Questions

1. What condition is considered a mood disorder? Select all that apply.

  1. major depressive disorder
  2. bipolar disorder
  3. schizophrenia
  4. dysthymia

2. What is the primary characteristic of persistent depressive disorder?

  1. extreme mania
  2. extreme depression
  3. milder form of depression
  4. absence of mood

3. What type of medication is commonly prescribed for bipolar disorder?

  1. SSRIs
  2. mood stabilizers
  3. antipsychotics
  4. benzodiazepines

4. What is a psychosocial treatment used for major depressive disorder?

  1. antipsychotic medication
  2. electroconvulsive therapy
  3. cognitive behavioral therapy
  4. narcotics

5. What factor is typically associated with the onset of depression? Select all that apply.

  1. genetics
  2. environmental stressors
  3. high levels of physical activity
  4. neurochemical imbalances

6. What neurotransmitter is most commonly associated with depression?

  1. dopamine
  2. serotonin
  3. norepinephrine
  4. GABA

7. What does anhedonia refer to?

  1. excessive sleeping
  2. loss of interest or pleasure in activities
  3. overeating
  4. agitation

8. What is a clinical symptom of depression? Select all that apply.

  1. persistent sadness
  2. impaired concentration
  3. elevated self-esteem
  4. feelings of worthlessness

9. What therapy focuses on identifying and changing negative thought patterns and behaviors?

  1. psychodynamic therapy
  2. cognitive behavioral therapy
  3. interpersonal therapy
  4. family therapy

10. How is self-harm often used as a coping mechanism?

  1. to get back at someone
  2. to cope with overwhelming emotions
  3. to manipulate others
  4. to enhance physical well-being

11. What is the first priority in nursing care for a client contemplating suicide?

  1. medication administration
  2. establishing a therapeutic alliance
  3. physical restraints
  4. safety measures

12. What is an approach for caring for clients who self-injure? Select all that apply.

  1. emotional validation
  2. physical restraints
  3. harm-reduction techniques
  4. cognitive behavioral therapy

13. What is a common warning sign of suicide? Select all that apply.

  1. withdrawal from social activities
  2. increased energy and enthusiasm
  3. verbalizing thoughts of death
  4. giving away personal belongings

14. What is nonsuicidal self-injury?

  1. the act of deliberately harming the surface of one’s body, such as cutting or burning, with the intent of committing suicide
  2. the act of deliberately harming one’s body, such as cutting or burning, to express emotional distress or cope with emotional pain and without suicidal intent
  3. an act of revenge toward someone else
  4. an unconscious action where the person is not aware they are causing harm to themselves

15. What is the primary difference between NSSI and suicidal behavior?

  1. Both NSSI and suicidal behavior are carried out with the intention of ending one’s life.
  2. NSSI involves harming others, while suicidal behavior involves self-harm.
  3. While both NSSI and suicidal behavior involve self-inflicted harm, the key difference lies in intent.
  4. There is no significant difference between NSSI and suicidal behavior; they are the same thing.

16. What therapeutic interventions may be beneficial for clients who engage in NSSI?

  1. aromatherapy and acupuncture only
  2. cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based interventions, group therapy, family therapy, and certain medications as directed by a psychiatrist
  3. sedation until the client’s behavior improves
  4. physical restraint as the primary treatment method

17. What is bipolar disorder?

  1. a disorder characterized by persistent depressive episodes only
  2. a disorder characterized by both depressive and manic episodes
  3. a disorder characterized by persistent manic episodes only
  4. a disorder characterized by fluctuating levels of anxiety

18. During a manic episode, what behavior is a client likely to exhibit?

  1. excessive sleeping
  2. elevated self-esteem
  3. social withdrawal
  4. anhedonia

19. What symptom is characteristic of a depressive episode in bipolar disorder?

  1. racing thoughts
  2. impaired concentration
  3. grandiosity
  4. increased energy

20. What medication class is commonly prescribed for managing manic episodes in bipolar disorder?

  1. SSRIs
  2. SNRIs
  3. benzodiazepines
  4. mood stabilizers

21. How should a nurse manage the potential side effects of lithium?

  1. Adjust the medication dosage without consulting the health-care provider.
  2. Educate clients about these potential side effects, monitor their occurrence, and work with the health-care team to manage them.
  3. Discontinue the medication immediately.
  4. Ignore these symptoms as they are not related to the medication.

22. How can a nurse support the mental well-being of a client and reduce the stigma associated with bipolar disorder?

  1. by ignoring the emotional concerns of the client and focusing solely on medication management; discouraging any discussions about the disorder to avoid drawing attention
  2. by suggesting that clients should keep their diagnosis a secret to avoid societal judgment, focusing solely on physical symptoms rather than emotional well-being
  3. by providing emotional support, listening empathetically to clients’ concerns, and encouraging self-care activities and therapies; educating clients, families, and the public about the disorder to reduce stigma and advocating for client rights and dignity
  4. by providing only pharmacological interventions without addressing emotional and psychosocial needs; disregarding the importance of client advocacy and education

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Mental Health for Undergraduate Nursing Copyright © 2025 by Russelyn Connor is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted.

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